Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) punching is one of a number of techniques/tools used in metal fabrication projects. It enables shapes to be ‘punched’ into sheet metal pieces.
How does it work?
CNC punching machines are programmed using computers that instruct a computer-aided manufacturing machine to manoeuvre the sheet of metal in a precise X-and-Y direction. This is aligned with the machine’s punching ram. As the sheet moves, the punching ram will punch the required shape/form into the sheet.
What is it used for?
CNC punching is used to create parts and components for a vast range of goods in numerous industries, notably automotive, aerospace, electronics, agriculture, construction, and architecture.
What are the advantages of CNC punching?
The first advantage is increased productivity which is achieved by reusing designs that have been previously built or used. This eliminates technical and time-consuming manual tasks.
The second advantage is to do with accuracy, speed, and consistency. The CNC process is quick, automated, and is easily reproduced. Regardless as to how complex a design may be, the CNC machines can accurately carry it out over and over again. Consistency is maintained and waste is kept to an absolute minimum. This consistency is why CNC machines are the popular choice where complex and precise punching is needed.
The precise nature of the CNC punching process means that many holes can be made on each sheet. The precise positioning of which it is capable means that wasted material is kept to a minimum.
Types of CNC machines
There are quite a number of different CNC punching machines available. The two most common are lathe machines and milling machines.
Lathe CNC machines are distinguished by their ability to turn materials during operation. They offer tight tolerances, fast spindle speeds, and short cycle times. They are often used to make items such as aerospace parts, automotive components, train parts, electric motor elements, nuts & bolts, and even candlestick holders.
Milling CNC machines are able to rotate cutting tools whilst keeping the workpiece motionless. They are used to cut a variety of shapes, and there are both vertical and horizontal versions of these machines available.
CNC punching is a cost-effective and reliable technique used across the world and in numerous industries.